Roofing element



Jam w32. Pfc. OVERBQRY A 1,842,564

Ro'rpFIvNG ,ELEMENT Filed May 14. 1928 ATTORNEYY ,K I

Patented Jan. 26, 1932 UNITED STATES :FREDERICK C. OVERIBUBY, OFIIILLSDALE,

PATENT OFFICE NEW JERSEY, .A SSIG'NOR, BY MESN E ASSIGN- MENTS, T THEPATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, SETTS, .A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS0F BOSTON, MASSACHU- BOOFING ELEMENT Application led May 14, 1928.Serial No. 277,502.

My invention relates to improvements in interlocking shingles and hasmore particular relation to individual shingles fabricated fromcomposition roofing material and laid with one corner of the shingleexposed to the weather, according to the so-called French method oflaying.

@ne object of my invention is to provide an interlocking shingle, formedwith separate fastening elements which may be readily applied thereto,either in the course of manufacture of the shingle, or in the operationof laying the shingle on a roof.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a fasteningarrangement of this character which will permit rapid application of theshingles to a roof.

Still another object of the invention resides in the provision of aninterlocking arrangement, as will be more fully described hereinafter,functioning to securely retain the exposed lower end of the shingle inproper position on a roof, to thereby prevent curling or blowing up ofthe exposed portion.

ln the accompanying drawings wherein I have illustrated several forms ofmy invention Figure l shows a section of roof with sev eral shingles ofmy present invention applied in operative position,

Figure 2 is a face view showing one of the shingles,

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure .2 but showing the opposite face ofthe shingle, with one corner of the shingle in retroverted position,

F igurel is a View illustrating the manner of applying the shingles tothe roof,

Figure 5 is a det-ail incross-section taken along line 5-5 of Figure l,

Figure 6 is a detail, in perspective, showing a modifiedform of theinvention and the mode of applying the shingles in this particularembodiment,

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the position of theparts when using the modification of Figure 6, and,

Figure 8 is a fragmentary detail showing a pair of adjoining shingles ofthe type shown in Figures l, 2 and 3.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates anindividual shingle ofthe flexible composition type. These shingles maybe cut from any suitable roofing base of this general type, although Iprefer to use asphalt saturated and coated roofing felt, surfaced withmineral grit or the like, in order to provide the roofing with a wearand weather resistant finish.

The shingles, as shown, are preferably of rectangular shape and areadapted to be arranged in overlapping courses on a roof in such a manneras to afford the maximum weather protecting qualities with a minimumamount of roofing material. Accordingly the shingles are arranged'to belaid in what is generally known as the French method, i. e. with theirdiagonals extending parallel to andfat right angles with the eave lineof the` roo The shingles l0 `are constructed at that corner thereofwhich is to form the lower exposed end of the shingle, with anunderfolded or retroverted flap l1 shown in an extended position inFigure 2, and in its retroverted position in Figure 3. i

This flap 11 may be brought into its underfolded position beneath themain part of the shingle, after the latter has been severed from thesheet of roofing base. This can be done very easily by heating thecorner of the shingle in the region of the line of fold .as indicated at12 so as to render the material more pliable at this point and capableof being folded thereat without causing cracking of the coating orsurfacing thereof. Vhen the material is thus rendered sufficientlypliable, bending force may be applied in any convenient way along theline l2 to thus bring the flap into its retroverted position.

Each shingle, in accordance with my invention, is also provided at itstwo lateral corners, adjacent the corner where the flap 12 is formed,with projecting members arranged to cooperate with similar members onthe adjoining shingles laid up in a course, the cooperating projectionsof the adjoining shingles thusv forming a keeper or retaining device forthe Hap l1 of a superposed shingle in the succeeding course. Asillustrated,

these projecting members 13which may be of any rigid material such asmetal or the like, are fixed to the shingles at a slight distance belowthe lateral corners 14 of the shingles.

' The projecting members 13 may be aHiXed to the shingles in any desiredmanner, as for example by stamping one end of the member through thebody of the shingle from one side thereof, and then bendingl over andse-y curing this end of the member to the opposite face of the shingle,as clearly indicated in Figures 3 and 8. It will be understood, ofcourse, that numerous other ways will suggest themselves for imbeddingor otherwise securing the fastening members 13 to the shingles. Any suchexpedient, as well as the method I have specifically described, may becarried out at -thefactory at any convenient point subsequent to theseverance of the shingles from the sheet, and either simultaneously withthe operation of folding back the flap 11 or as a separate step in themanufacture.

lalowever, in certain instances it may be desirable to do away with theoperation of applying the fastening members to the shingles lat thefactory, and 1n Figures 6 and 7 I have shown an arrangement whereby theobjects of my invention may be accomplished with the use ofseparatesecuring devices `which maybe applied to the shingles during the processof laying them on a roof. In this form, the shingles of each course arelaid in the usual manner, and when they are properly aligned andpositioned right angular or L- shaped fasteners, as s ownat 16, may: be

driven therethrough at a short distance belowl the lateral corners ofeach shingle, 1n such a way that the heads 17 of the fasteners 16 in apair of adjoining shingles extend in opposite directions toward eachother so as to provide a keeper or fastening for the flap 12 of theoverlylng shingle.

It will be understood of course, that 1n either case as above described,in applying.

the shingles to the roof the flap 12 of each shingle `is first insertedbelow the opposed projecting m''mbers of a pair of adjacent shingles inthe preceding course, and then the shingle is moved until brought toproper position with the edges of the 'flap substantially abutting thelower converging edges of the underlying shingles, as indicated at 19,the main body of the shingle being then secured to the underlyingstructure by fastenings passing therethrough at points adjacent itslaterally opposite corners. It will be understood, of course, that inthe form of the invention shown in Figures 6 and 7, the fastenings forthe aforesaid laterally opposite corners of the shingle will comprisethe L- shaped fasteners 16 themselves.

It will be noted thatinasmuch as the fastening members project outwardlyfrom the upper face of the shingles, the flap of each shingle isermitted, when in interlocked position, to 11e substantially in theplane of the main body portion of the adjoining shingles in thepreceding course and thus the fastening members serve to securely holdthe flap ofthe overlying shingle in iatwise position against the roofand consequently the overlying shingle itself is thus firmly retained inflatwise position in use.

If, after the flap has been brought into proper position beneath itsassociated fastening members, there is too free play of the flap, thefastening members may be given a blow with a hammer` so as to morefirmly clamp the flap in its operative position.

Having thus fullydescribed the invention, what I claim as new and desireto secureby Letters Patent, is:

l. As an article of manufacture a shingle of the character describedcomprising a rectangular unit having metallic staples secured theretoand projecting outwardly therefrom at pointsadjacent a pair ofdiagonally opposite corners thereof, and a retroverted flap at one ofits other corners, said flap beingadapted to underlie the staples of apair of similar shingles in a preceding course when laid -on a roof. l j

2. As an article of manufacture a shingle of the character described comrising a rectangular unit having one o its corners formed with aretroverted flap, and metallic staples secured to the unit andprojecting outwardly at points spaced slightly below the corners thereofadjacent the first named cor-

